What assessment finding of a patient with acute pancreatitis would indicate a bluish discoloration around the umbilicus? A. Grey-Turner’s sign B. Homan’s sign C. Rovsing’s sign D. Cullen’s sign Correct Answer: D. Cullen’s sign Cullen’s sign is associated with pancreatitis when a hemorrhage is suspected. Cullen’s sign… Read More »
Ralph has a history of alcohol abuse and has acute pancreatitis. Which lab value is most likely to be elevated? A. Calcium B. Glucose C. Magnesium D. Potassium Correct Answer: B. Glucose Glucose level increases and diabetes mellitus may result d/t the pancreatic damage to the islets… Read More »
Which of the following aspects is the priority focus of nursing management for a client with peritonitis? A. Fluid and electrolyte balance B. Gastric irrigation C. Pain management D. Psychosocial issues Correct Answer: A. Fluid and electrolyte balance Peritonitis can advance to shock and circulatory failure, so… Read More »
Sucralfate (Carafate) achieves a therapeutic effect by: A. Neutralizing gastric acid. B. Enhancing gastric absorption. C. Forming a protective barrier around gastric mucosa. D. Inhibiting gastric acid secretion. Correct Answer: C. Forming a protective barrier around gastric mucosa. Sucralfate has a local effect only on the gastric… Read More »
The most important pathophysiological factor contributing to the formation of esophageal varices is: A. Decreased prothrombin formation. B. Decreased albumin formation by the liver. C. Portal hypertension. D. Increased central venous pressure. Correct Answer: C. Portal hypertension As the liver cells become fatty and degenerate, they are… Read More »
A client with advanced cirrhosis has been diagnosed with hepatic encephalopathy. The nurse expects to assess for: A. Malaise B. Stomatitis C. Hand tremors D. Weight loss Correct Answer: C. Hand tremors Hepatic encephalopathy results from the accumulation of neurotoxins in the blood, therefore the nurse wants… Read More »
A patient with severe cirrhosis of the liver develops hepatorenal syndrome. Which of the following nursing assessment data would support this? A. Oliguria and azotemia B. Metabolic alkalosis C. Decreased urinary concentration D. Weight gain of less than 1 lb per week Correct Answer: A. Oliguria and… Read More »
Anna is 45 y.o. and has a bleeding ulcer. Despite multiple blood transfusions, her HGB is 7.5g/dl and HCT is 27%. Her doctor determines that surgical intervention is necessary and she undergoes partial gastrectomy. Postoperative nursing care includes: A. Giving pain medication Q6H. B. Flushing the NG tube with sterile water. C.… Read More »
A client with irritable bowel syndrome is being prepared for discharge. Which of the following meal plans should the nurse give the client? A. Low fiber, low-fat B. High fiber, low-fat C. Low fiber, high-fat D. High-fiber, high-fat Correct Answer: B. High-fiber, low-fat The client with irritable… Read More »
To avoid fecal impaction, psyllium (Metamucil) should be administered with at least how many ounces of fluid? A. 4 B. 6 C. 8 D. 10 Correct Answer: C. 8 Bulk-forming laxatives must be given with at least 8 ounces of liquid plus additional liquid each day to… Read More »