When monitoring the daily weight of a patient with fluid volume deficit (FVD), the nurse is aware that fluid loss may be considered when weight loss begins to exceed: A. 0.25 lb B. 0.50 lb C. 1 lb D. 1 kg Correct Answer: B. 0.50 lb Weight… Read More »
The respiratory system regulates acid-base balance by: A. Increasing mucus production. B. Changing the rate and depth of respiration. C. Forming bicarbonate. D. Reabsorbing bicarbonate. Correct Answer: B. Changing the rate and depth of respiration Through changes in the rate and depth of respiration, the acid-base balance… Read More »
The majority of the body’s water is contained in which of the following fluid compartments? A. Intracellular B. Interstitial C. Intravascular D. Extracellular Correct Answer: A. Intracellular The intracellular compartment holds two-thirds of total body water. At a cellular level, the distribution of the various fluid compartments… Read More »
Genevieve is diagnosed with hypomagnesemia, which nursing intervention would be appropriate? A. Instituting seizure precaution to prevent injury. B. Instructing the client on the importance of preventing infection. C. Avoiding the use of tight tourniquet when drawing blood. D. Teaching the client the importance of early ambulation. … Read More »
Dietary recommendations for a patient with a hypotonic fluid excess should include: A. Decreased sodium intake B. Increased sodium intake C. Increased fluid intake D. Intake of potassium-rich foods Correct Answer: B. Increased sodium intake Hypotonic fluid volume excess (FVE) involves an increase in water volume without… Read More »
Which of the following is a gas component of the ABG measurement? A. Carbon dioxide B. Bicarbonate C. Hydrogen D. pH Correct Answer: A. Carbon dioxide The gases measured by ABGs are oxygen and carbon dioxide. Bicarbonate and hydrogen are ions; their ratio is measured in the… Read More »
Etiologies associated with hypomagnesemia include: A. Decreased vitamin D intake B. Constipation C. Malabsorption syndrome D. Renal failure Correct Answer: C. Malabsorption syndrome Malabsorption syndrome is associated with hypomagnesemia. Increased vitamin D intake and diarrhea are also associated with hypomagnesemia. Magnesium deficiency and hypomagnesemia can result from… Read More »
Which electrolyte would the nurse identify as the major electrolyte responsible for determining the concentration of the extracellular fluid? A. Potassium B. Phosphate C. Chloride D. Sodium Correct Answer: D. Sodium Sodium is the electrolyte whose level is the primary determinant of the extracellular fluid concentration. Sodium… Read More »
Osmotic pressure is created through the process of: A. Osmosis B. Diffusion C. Filtration D. Capillary dynamics Correct Answer: B. Diffusion In diffusion, the solute moves from an area of higher concentration to one of lower concentration, creating osmotic pressure. There is a form of passive transport… Read More »
Chloride helps maintain acid-base balance by performing which of the following roles? A. Participating in the chloride shift. B. Following sodium to maintain serum osmolarity. C. Maintaining the balance of cations in the ICF and ECF. D. Separating carbonic acid. Correct Answer: A. Participating in the chloride… Read More »