A 50-year-old widower is admitted to the hospital with a diagnosis of diabetes mellitus and complaints of rapid-onset weight loss, elevated blood glucose levels, and polyphagia. The gerontology nurse should anticipate which of the following secondary medical diagnoses? A. Impaired glucose tolerance B. Gestational diabetes mellitus C. Pituitary tumor D. Pancreatic… Read More »
Nurse Pira is explaining to the client about type 2 diabetes mellitus. Risk factors of such condition include all of the following, except: A. Advanced age B. Physical inactivity C. Obesity D. Smoking Correct Answer: D. Smoking Additional risk factors for type 2 diabetes are a family… Read More »
An external insulin pump is prescribed for a client with DM. The client asks the nurse about the functioning of the pump. The nurse bases the response on the information that the pump: A. Gives a small continuous dose of regular insulin subcutaneously, and the client can self-administer a bolus with an additional dosage… Read More »
Insulin forces which of the following electrolytes out of the plasma and into the cells? A. Calcium B. Magnesium C. Phosphorus D. Potassium Correct Answer: D. Potassium Insulin forces potassium out of the plasma, back into the cells, causing hypokalemia. Potassium is needed to help transport glucose… Read More »
An older woman with diabetes mellitus visits the clinic concerning her condition. Which of the following symptoms might an older woman with diabetes mellitus complain? A. Anorexia B. Pain intolerance C. Weight loss D. Perineal itching Correct Answer: D. Perineal itching Older women might complain of perineal… Read More »
Blood sugar is well controlled when Hemoglobin A1C is: A. Below 5.7% B. Between 12%-15% C. Less than 180 mg/dL D. Between 90 and 130 mg/dL Correct Answer: A. Below 5.7% HbA1c measures the percentage of hemoglobin that is glycated and determines average blood glucose during the… Read More »
Gregory is a 52-year-old man identified as high-risk for diabetes mellitus. Which laboratory test should a nurse anticipate a physician would order for him? Select all that apply. A. Fasting Plasma Glucose (FPG) B. Two-hour Oral Glucose Tolerance Test (OGTT) C. Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1C) D. Fingerstick glucose three times daily … Read More »
A client with a diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is being treated in the ER. Which finding would a nurse expect to note as confirming this diagnosis? A. Elevated blood glucose level and a low plasma bicarbonate B. Decreased urine output C. Increased respiration and an increase in pH D. Comatose… Read More »
Which of the following causes of Hyperglycaemic Hyperosmolar Non-Ketotic Syndrome (HHNS) is most common? A. Insulin overdose B. Removal of the adrenal gland C. Undiagnosed, untreated hyperpituitarism D. Undiagnosed, untreated diabetes mellitus Correct Answer: D. Undiagnosed, untreated diabetes mellitus Undiagnosed, untreated diabetes mellitus is one of the… Read More »
Which of the following diabetes drugs acts by decreasing the amount of glucose produced by the liver? A. Alpha-glucosidase inhibitors B. Biguanides C. Meglitinides D. Sulfonylureas Correct Answer: B. Biguanides Biguanides, such as metformin, lower blood glucose by reducing the amount of glucose produced by the liver.… Read More »