Which of the following is the most important physical assessment parameter the nurse would consider when assessing fluid and electrolyte imbalance? A. Skin turgor B. Intake and output C. Osmotic pressure D. Cardiac rate and rhythm Correct Answer: D. Cardiac rate and rhythm Cardiac rate and rhythm… Read More »
Redd is receiving a blood transfusion. When monitoring the patient, the nurse would analyze an elevated body temperature as indicating: A. A normal physiologic process. B. Evidence of sepsis. C. A possible transfusion reaction. D. An expected response to the transfusion. Correct Answer: C. A possible transfusion… Read More »
Sodium levels are affected by the secretion of which of the following hormones? A. Progesterone and aldosterone B. ADH and ACTH C. Antidiuretic hormone and FSH D. ECF and aldosterone Correct Answer: B. ADH and ACTH The endocrine system secretes aldosterone and ADH to help regulate sodium… Read More »
Maya, who is admitted to a hospital, is scheduled to have her general checkup and physical assessment. Nurse Timothy observed a reddened area over her left hip. Which should the nurse do first? A. Massage the reddened area for a few minutes. B. Notify the physician immediately. C. Arrange for a pressure-relieving… Read More »
Insensible fluid losses include: A. Urine B. Gastric drainage C. Bleeding D. Perspiration Correct Answer: D. Perspiration Perspiration and the fluid lost via the lungs are termed insensible losses; normally, insensible losses equal about 1000 cc/day. Insensible fluid loss is the amount of body fluid lost daily… Read More »
The process of endocrine regulation of electrolytes involves: A. Sodium reabsorption and chloride excretion B. Chloride reabsorption and sodium excretion C. Potassium reabsorption and sodium excretion D. Sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion Correct Answer: D. Sodium reabsorption and potassium excretion ACTH stimulates the release of aldosterone, which… Read More »
Bicarbonate is lost during which of the following clinical conditions? A. Diarrhea B. Diuresis C. Diaphoresis D. Vomiting Correct Answer: A. Diarrhea Bicarbonate is lost in diarrhea because the lower intestinal tract contains fluids rich in bicarbonate. In pathologies with profuse watery diarrhea, bicarbonate within the intestines… Read More »
Pierro was noted to be displaying facial grimaces after nurse Kara assessed his complaints of pain rated as 8 on a scale of 1 (no pain) 10 10 (worst pain). Which intervention should the nurse do? A. Administering the client’s ordered pain medication immediately. B. Using guided imagery instead of administering pain medication.… Read More »
Which of the following intravenous solutions would be appropriate for a patient with severe hyponatremia secondary to syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)? A. Hypotonic solution B. Hypertonic solution C. Isotonic solution D. Normotonic solution Correct Answer: B. Hypertonic solution When hyponatremia is severe, hypertonic solutions may… Read More »
The chief anion in the intracellular fluid (ICF) is: A. Phosphorus B. Potassium C. Sodium D. Chloride Correct Answer: A. Phosphorus Phosphorus is the major ICF cation. Phosphorus is an extracellular fluid cation. Eighty-five percent of the total body phosphorus is in the bones and teeth in… Read More »