When serum calcium levels rise, which of the following hormones is secreted? A. Aldosterone B. Renin C. Parathyroid hormone D. Calcitonin Correct Answer: D. Calcitonin When calcium levels rise, calcitonin is secreted from the thyroid; this hormone moves calcium from plasma into bone. In response to hypercalcemia,… Read More »
The intracellular compartment holds water and: A. Proteins B. Glucose C. Sodium D. Uric acid Correct Answer: A. Proteins The intracellular compartment holds large amounts of water and proteins. Potassium, lipids, and nucleic acids are also components of the intracellular compartment. Intracellular fluids tend to be inversed… Read More »
Mang Teban has a history of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and has the following arterial blood gas results: partial pressure of oxygen (PO2), 55 mm Hg, and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PCO2), 60 mm Hg. When attempting to improve the client’s blood gas values through improved ventilation and oxygen therapy, which is the client’s… Read More »
To determine if a patient’s respiratory system is functioning, the nurse would assess which of the following parameters: A. Respiratory rate B. Pulse C. Arterial blood gas D. Pulse oximetry Correct Answer: C. Arterial blood gas Arterial blood gases will indicate CO2 and O2 levels. This is… Read More »
The presence of which of the following electrolytes contributes to acidosis? A. Sodium B. Potassium C. Hydrogen D. Chloride Correct Answer: C. Hydrogen The presence of hydrogen ions determines a solution’s acidity. Acidosis is defined as an abnormal clinical process that causes a net gain in hydrogen… Read More »
The majority gastrointestinal reabsorption of water occurs in: A. Small intestines B. The esophagus C. The colon D. The stomach Correct Answer: A. Small intestines Approximately 85% to 95% of water absorption takes place in the small intestine. The colon absorbs only 500 to 100 cc. Approximately… Read More »
A client with a very dry mouth, skin, and mucous membranes is diagnosed with dehydration. Which intervention should the nurse perform when caring for a client diagnosed with fluid volume deficit? A. Assessing urinary intake and output. B. Obtaining the client’s weight weekly at different times of the day. C. Monitoring arterial… Read More »
Which of the following conditions is an equal decrease of extracellular fluid (ECF) solute and water volume? A. Hypotonic FVD B. Isotonic FVD C. Hypertonic FVD D. Isotonic FVE Correct Answer: B. Isotonic FVD Isotonic FVD involves an equal decrease in solute concentration and water volume. ISOTONIC… Read More »
The lungs participate in acid-base balance by: A. Reabsorbing bicarbonate. B. Splitting carbonic acid in two. C. Using CO2 to regulate hydrogen ions. D. Sending hydrogen ions to the renal tubules. Correct Answer: C. Using CO2 to regulate hydrogen ions The lungs use carbon dioxide to regulate… Read More »
Isotonic FVD can result from: A. GI fluid loss through diarrhea. B. Insensible water loss during prolonged fever. C. Inadequate ingestion of fluids and electrolytes. D. Impaired thirst regulation. Correct Answer: C. Inadequate ingestion of fluids and electrolytes. Isotonic FVD may result from inadequate intake of fluids… Read More »