Which of the following conditions can you safely administer metoclopramide (Reglan)?         A. Patient with bowel obstruction      B. Patient with gastrointestinal hemorrhage      C. Patient undergoing radiation      D. Patients with pheochromocytoma           Correct Answer: C. Patient undergoing radiotherapy Metoclopramide can be safely administered to patients having vomiting episodes following radiation,… Read More »

Which of the following statements best describes the action of antacids?         A. Antacids neutralize gastric acid      B. Antacids block the production of gastric acid      C. Antacids block dopamine      D. Antacids enhance the action of acetylcholine           Correct Answer: A. Antacids neutralize gastric acid Antacids act to bring the pH above… Read More »

Jam is under chemotherapy in which nausea is an expected side effect. Which of the following drugs is indicated to prevent such side effects?         A. metoclopramide      B. cimetidine      C. tagamet      D. famotidine           Correct Answer: A. metoclopramide This is the only drug among the choices that is indicated… Read More »

Which of the following drugs will reduce the effectiveness of sucralfate?         A. ranitidine      B. sucralfate      C. metoclopramide      D. meclizine           Correct Answer: A. ranitidine Ranitidine decreases the effectiveness of sucralfate because it decreases the acid content of gastric secretion. Ranitidine is a competitive inhibitor of histamine H2-receptors. The… Read More »

Extrapyramidal symptoms are a side effect of which of the following drugs?         A. ranitidine      B. omeprazole      C. famotidine      D. metoclopramide           Correct Answer: D. metoclopramide A side effect of metoclopramide is EPS. Tardive dyskinesia an adverse effect, often seen in antipsychotic medications, that generally manifests as grimacing, lip-smacking,… Read More »

Which histamine-2 antagonist is associated with the most drug interactions?         A. ranitidine      B. cimetidine      C. Prilosec      D. nizatidine           Correct Answer: B. cimetidine Cimetidine was the first histamine-2 antagonist developed and is associated with the most toxic drug interactions of the group. High doses of cimetidine (over 5 g/day) can… Read More »

Hydrochloric acid secretion is blocked by which of the following categories of drugs?         A. Antacids      B. Gastric stimulants      C. Histamine-2 antagonists      D. Antihistamines           Correct Answer: C. histamine-2 antagonists This is the only category of drugs that reduces the volume of secretions. H2RAs decrease gastric acid secretion by… Read More »

Which category of drugs prevents/treats constipation by the osmotic drawing of water from extravascular space to intestinal lumen?         A. Stimulants      B. Bulk-forming agents      C. Hyperosmotic agents      D. Lubricants           Correct Answer: C. Hyperosmotic agents Hyperosmotic agents change the osmotic gradient between the intestine and extravascular space causing water… Read More »

Which of the following is a bulk-forming agent?         A. Glycerin      B. FiberCon      C. Lactulose      D. Milk of Magnesia           Correct Answer: B. FiberCon FiberCon is the bulk-forming agent. Polycarbophil is used to treat constipation. It is known as a bulk-forming laxative. It increases the bulk in the stool,… Read More »

A client needs rapid cleansing of the bowel, which category is best used?         A. Bacid      B. Bulk-forming agent      C. Intestinal flora modifiers      D. Saline laxatives with magnesium           Correct Answer: D. Saline laxatives with magnesium Saline laxatives are the best agents for rapid bowel cleansing. Magnesium citrate is a saline… Read More »