An elderly client with pneumonia may appear with which of the following symptoms first? A. Altered mental status and dehydration B. Fever and chills C. Hemoptysis and dyspnea D. Pleuritic chest pain and cough Correct Answer: A. Altered mental status and dehydration Fever, chills, hemoptysis, dyspnea, cough, and… Read More »
A nurse reviews the arterial blood gas results of a patient and notes the following: pH 7.45; PCO2 30 mm Hg; and bicarbonate concentration of 22 mEq/L. The nurse analyzes these results as indicating: A. Metabolic acidosis, compensated. B. Metabolic alkalosis, uncompensated. C. Respiratory alkalosis, compensated. D. Respiratory acidosis, compensated. … Read More »
The term “pink puffer” refers to the client with which of the following conditions? A. ARDS B. Asthma C. Chronic obstructive bronchitis D. Emphysema Correct Answer: D. Emphysema Because of the large amount of energy it takes to breathe, clients with emphysema are usually cachectic. They’re pink… Read More »
A nurse is caring for a client after a bronchoscopy and biopsy. Which of the following signs if noted in the client should be reported immediately to the physician? A. Blood-streaked sputum B. Dry cough C. Hematuria D. Bronchospasm Correct Answer: D. Bronchospasm If a biopsy was performed during… Read More »
A 66-year-old client has marked dyspnea at rest, is thin, and uses accessory muscles to breathe. He’s tachypneic, with a prolonged expiratory phase. He has no cough. He leans forward with his arms braced on his knees to support his chest and shoulders for breathing. This client has symptoms of which of the following respiratory… Read More »
A nurse is suctioning fluids from a client via a tracheostomy tube. When suctioning, the nurse must limit the suctioning to a maximum of: A. 5 seconds B. 10 seconds C. 30 seconds D. 1 minute Correct Answer: B. 10 seconds Hypoxemia can be caused by prolonged… Read More »
It’s highly recommended that clients with asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema have Pneumovax and flu vaccinations for which of the following reasons? A. All clients are recommended to have these vaccines. B. These vaccines produce bronchodilation and improve oxygenation. C. These vaccines help reduce the tachypnea these clients experience. D. Respiratory… Read More »
A nurse is suctioning fluids from a client through an endotracheal tube. During the suctioning procedure, the nurse notes on the monitor that the heart rate decreases. Which of the following is the most appropriate nursing intervention? A. Continue to suction. B. Ensure that the suction is limited to 15 seconds. C. Stop the… Read More »
Exercise has which of the following effects on clients with asthma, chronic bronchitis, and emphysema? A. It enhances cardiovascular fitness. B. It improves respiratory muscle strength. C. It reduces the number of acute attacks. D. It worsens respiratory function and is discouraged. Correct Answer: A. It enhances… Read More »
An unconscious client is admitted to an emergency room. Arterial blood gas measurements reveal a pH of 7.30, a low bicarbonate level, a normal carbon dioxide level, and a normal oxygen level. An elevated potassium level is also present. These results indicate the presence of: A. Metabolic acidosis B. Respiratory acidosis C.… Read More »