Which of the following pathophysiological mechanisms that occur in the lung parenchyma allow pneumonia to develop? A. Atelectasis B. Bronchiectasis C. Effusion D. Inflammation Correct Answer: D. Inflammation The common feature of all types of pneumonia is an inflammatory pulmonary response to the offending organism or agent.… Read More »
An 87-year-old client requires long-term ventilator therapy. He has a tracheostomy in place and requires frequent suctioning. Which of the following techniques is correct? A. Using intermittent suction while advancing the catheter. B. Using continuous suction while withdrawing the catheter. C. Using intermittent suction while withdrawing the catheter. D. Using continuous… Read More »
A high level of oxygen exerts which of the following effects on the lung? A. Improves oxygen uptake. B. Increases carbon dioxide levels. C. Stabilizes carbon dioxide levels. D. Reduces amount of functional alveolar surface area. Correct Answer: D. Reduces amount of functional alveolar surface area. Oxygen… Read More »
Which of the following symptoms is common in clients with TB? A. Weight loss B. Increased appetite C. Dyspnea on exertion D. Mental status changes Correct Answer: A. Weight loss TB typically produces anorexia and weight loss. Other signs and symptoms may include fatigue, low-grade fever, and… Read More »
A 24-year-old client comes into the clinic complaining of right-sided chest pain and shortness of breath. He reports that it started suddenly. The assessment should include which of the following interventions? A. Auscultation of breath sounds B. Chest x-ray C. Echocardiogram D. Electrocardiogram (ECG) Correct Answer: A.… Read More »
The nurse obtains a sputum specimen from a client with suspected TB for laboratory study. Which of the following laboratory techniques is most commonly used to identify tubercle bacilli in sputum? A. Acid-fast staining B. Sensitivity testing C. Agglutination testing D. Dark-field illumination Correct Answer: A. Acid-fast staining The… Read More »
A client with shortness of breath has decreased to absent breath sounds on the right side, from the apex to the base. Which of the following conditions would best explain this? A. Acute asthma B. Chronic bronchitis C. Pneumonia D. Spontaneous pneumothorax Correct Answer: D. Spontaneous pneumothorax A spontaneous… Read More »
Which of the following antituberculous drugs can cause damage to the eighth cranial nerve? A. Streptomycin B. Isoniazid C. Para-aminosalicylic acid D. Ethambutol hydrochloride Correct Answer: A. Streptomycin Streptomycin is an aminoglycoside, and eighth cranial nerve damage (ototoxicity) is a common side effect from aminoglycosides. Ototoxicity and… Read More »
Which of the following treatments would the nurse expect for a client with a spontaneous pneumothorax? A. Antibiotics B. Bronchodilators C. Chest tube placement D. Hyperbaric chamber Correct Answer: C. Chest tube placement The only way to re-expand the lung is to place a chest tube on… Read More »
The client experiencing eighth cranial nerve damage will most likely report which of the following symptoms? A. Vertigo B. Facial paralysis C. Impaired vision D. Difficulty swallowing Correct Answer: A. Vertigo The eighth cranial nerve is the vestibulocochlear nerve, which is responsible for hearing and equilibrium. Streptomycin… Read More »