The procedure that has to be performed in order to shift the high pressure from the right ventricle to the left ventricle in Transposition of the Great Arteries (TGA) is:
A. Rashkind Procedure
B. Rastelli Procedure
C. Pulmonary Artery Banding
D. Jatene Procedure
Correct Answer: D. Jatene Procedure
The Jatene procedure, arterial switch operation, or arterial switch, is an open heart surgical procedure used to correct dextro-transposition of the great arteries (d-TGA). The arterial switch procedure, also known as the Jatene switch procedure, is an intervention designed to correct D-transposition of the great arteries (D-TGA) at the level of the aorta and main pulmonary artery. It is generally preferred over atrial switch procedures for simple D-TGA due to improved outcomes.
Option A: A Balloon Atrial Septostomy (Rashkind procedure) is a procedure that is used to create an opening in the wall between the upper chambers of the heart (atria). This is performed in certain cases to improve blood oxygenation, particularly for congenital heart defects. A deflated balloon catheter is guided into the heart and into a small hole in the atrial septum. The balloon is then inflated, creating a larger hole in the atrial septum.
Option B: The Rastelli operation was originally used for the repair of d-transposition of the great vessels with ventricular septal defect and pulmonary stenosis. It has subsequently been utilized for a variety of congenital heart defects characterized by two ventricles and overriding of the aorta with severe pulmonary stenosis or pulmonary atresia. Pulmonary atresia with ventricular septal defect and double outlet right ventricle with pulmonary stenosis or atresia are anatomic subtypes also frequently submitted for the Rastelli procedure. Cyanosis is the prevailing preoperative pathophysiology.
Option C: The purpose of PAB is to lessen pulmonary artery pressure and excess pulmonary blood flow. PAB requires the insertion of a band around the pulmonary artery to reduce blood flow into the lungs. A variety of banding materials are used; one commonly used material is polytetrafluoroethylene.