Pediatric Nursing Q 30

Correct Answer: C. Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)

Ribavirin is an antiviral medication used for treating RSV infection and for children with RSV who are compromised (such as children with bronchopulmonary dysplasia or heart disease). There is a single antiviral medication approved for use against RSV in the United States, ribavirin. It is a nucleoside analog with application in several RNA viruses, and it shows in vitro activity against RSV and may be administered in aerosolized form.

Option A: A new class of medications known as CFTR modulator therapies is designed to correct the dysfunction by improving production, intracellular processing, or function of the CFTR protein caused by the mutated gene. Each medication is targeted at a specific dysfunction caused by a specific gene mutation. Ivacaftor is used in the treatment of class 3 dysfunctions, where a mutation at G551D is the primary aberration. This was the first medication to directly impact the protein channel rather than treating the effects of CF.

Option B: Once the diagnosis of acute otitis media is established, the goal of treatment is to control pain and to treat the infectious process with antibiotics. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), such as acetaminophen, can be used to achieve pain control. When a bacterial etiology is suspected, the antibiotic of choice is high-dose amoxicillin for ten days in both children and adult patients who are not allergic to penicillin.

Option D: Antitussive agents like dextromethorphan, codeine, and guaifenesin are frequently used in clinical practice to suppress cough based on their effectiveness in chronic bronchitis and studies on cough in the common cold. Beta-agonists are routinely used in acute bronchitis patients with wheezing. Analgesic and antipyretic agents may be used to treat associated malaise, myalgia, and fever.