Jessie, a young man with newly diagnosed acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) is being discharged from the hospital. The nurse knows that teaching regarding prevention of AIDS transmission has been effective when the client:
A. Verbalizes the role of sexual activity in the spread of the disorder.
B. States he will make arrangements to drop his college classes.
C. Acknowledges the need to avoid all contact sports.
D. Says he will avoid close contact with his three-year-old niece.
Correct Answer: A. Verbalizes the role of sexual activity in the spread of the disorder.
HIV is spread through direct contact with body fluids such as blood and through sexual intercourse. Casual contact with other people does not pose a risk of transmission of HIV. Review modes of transmission of disease, especially if newly diagnosed. This corrects myths and misconceptions; promotes safety for the client and others. Accurate epidemiological data are important in targeting prevention interventions.
Option B: Unless the client is feeling very ill, there is no need for him to drop his college classes. Determine level of independence or dependence and physical condition. Note extent of care and support available from family and SO and need for other caregivers.
Option C: Contact sports are not contraindicated unless there is a significant chance of bleeding and direct contact with others. Casual contact with other people does not pose a risk of transmission of HIV.
Option D: There is no need to limit casual contact with children. The nurse may discuss extent and rationale for isolation precautions and maintenance of personal hygiene. This may promote cooperation with the regime and may lessen feelings of isolation.