After gastroscopy, an adaptation that indicates major complication would be:
A. Nausea and vomiting
B. Abdominal distention
C. Increased GI motility
D. Difficulty in swallowing
Correct Answer: B. Abdominal distention
Abdominal distension may be associated with pain, may indicate perforation, a complication that could lead to peritonitis. Bowel perforation occurs in less than 0.3 % of cases, and infection is rarely reported. Complications typically are identified in the first 24 hours after the procedure. Perforation is identified due to fever, tachycardia, abdominal pain or discomfort.
Option A: It is normal to feel nauseous a day or two after surgery. Complications following esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD) are rare, occurring in less than 2% of patients. These could be related to sedation, endoscopy, and complications related to diagnostic or therapeutic maneuvers.
Option C: An increase in GI motility is not a cause for concern. The risk of bleeding following EGD with biopsy is 0.3%. Post mucosal biopsy bleeding can occur as intraluminal hemorrhage or intraluminal hematoma. A duodenal hematoma is a rare complication of EGD with an unknown incidence and seems to occur more often in children than adults.
Option D: There would be difficulty in swallowing after the surgery until the local anesthesia fades. Adverse events from over sedation include hypoxemia, hypoventilation, hypotension, airway obstruction, arrhythmias, and aspiration. The complications following diagnostic EGD include infection, bleeding, duodenal hematoma, and bowel perforation.