The following are basic steps in the controlling process of the department. Which of the following is not included?
A. Measure actual performance.
B. Set nursing standards and criteria.
C. Compare results of performance to standards and objectives.
D. Identify possible courses of action.
Correct Answer: D. Identify possible courses of action
This is a step in a quality control process and not a basic step in the control process. Controlling involves ensuring that performance does not deviate from standards. Controlling consists of five steps: (1) set standards, (2) measure performance, (3) compare performance to standards, (4) determine the reasons for deviations and then (5) take corrective action as needed.
Option A: The measurement of performance can be done in several ways, depending on the performance standards, including financial statements, sales reports, production results, customer satisfaction, and formal performance appraisals. Managers at all levels engage in the managerial function of controlling to some degree.
Option B: Performance standards are often stated in monetary terms such as revenue, costs, or profits but may also be stated in other terms, such as units produced, number of defective products, or levels of quality or customer service.
Option C: Effective controlling requires the existence of plans since planning provides the necessary performance standards or objectives. Controlling also requires a clear understanding of where responsibility for deviations from standards lies.